三级笔译实务真题2020年11月.pdf
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【A卷】
Passage1英译汉
At 51, Cathy McDonnell wanted to put herOxford physics degree and former experience crunching data at Qinetiq to betteruse. She had worked part-time in a school for several years while her threechildren were young, but she wanted to get back into the corporate world.
Several applications later, all for jobsin her former field of defence, she was getting nowhere. Then a friend told herabout “returnships”, a form of later-life work experience that some companiesare experimenting with to help older people — mainly women — return to work,often after breaks to care for families.
Cathy eventually secured a place on an11-week “Career Returners” programme with O2, open to men and women, whichincluded being buddied with a 20-year-old male student who was also with thecompany on work experience. He helped to acquaint her with new technology, suchas using an iPhone and accessing the company’s virtual private network from herlaptop so she could work from home but still access internal files.
“Onthe assessment day, I thought they must have been looking at my projectmanagement skills. But they weren’t looking at us for specific roles. They werejust thinking, ‘These women have a lot to offer, let’s see what they can do.’That was refreshing.”
In fact, by hiring female returnees,companies can access hard skills these women developed in their formerhigh-level jobs — and for a discount. In return, employers coach older femalesback into working life.Through her returnship, Ms McDonnell gained a full-timerole as an operations data consultant, handling projects within servicemanagement at O2.She still is earning less than she would like to. “But it’s afoot in the door and the salary is up for review in six months,” she says.
It is still overwhelmingly women whostay home to care for young families. UK government figures show that womenaccount for around 90 per cent of people on extended career breaks for caringreasons.
A lack of middle-aged women working,particularly in highly skilled roles, is costing the UK economy ￡50bn a year,according to a report. The report found that men over 50 took home nearlytwo-thirds of the total wages paid out to everyone in that age range in 2015.It blamed the pay gap on the low-skilled, part-time roles older women oftenaccept. Some 41 per cent of women in work in the UK do so part-time, as opposedto only 11 per cent of men.
A study last year by economists found“robust evidence of age discrimination in hiring against older women” in arange of white and blue-collar jobs. The data show that it is harder for olderwomen to find jobs than it is for older men regardless of whether they havetaken a break from working.
Passage2汉译英
现在，以互联网为代表的信息技术迅速发展，引领了生产新变革，创造了人类生活新空间，拓展了国家治理新领域。中国大力实施网络强国战略、国家信息化战略、国家大数据战略、“互联网+”行动计划。中国大力发展电子商务，推动互联网和实体经济深度融合发展，改善资源配置。这些措施为推动创新发展、转变经济增长方式、调整经济结构发挥积极作用。
中国欢迎公平、开放、竞争的市场，在自身发展的同时，致力于推动全球数字经济发展。中国主张自由贸易，反对贸易壁垒和贸易保护主义。我们希望建立开放、安全的数字经济环境，确保互联网为经济发展和创新服务。我们主张互联网接入应公平、普遍。中国愿加强同其他国家和地区在网络安全和信息技术方面的交流与合作。我们应共同推进互联网技术的发展和创新，确保所有人都能平等分享数字红利，实现网络空间的可持续发展。
【参考答案】
Today, the rapid advancement ofinformation technology represented by the Internet has brought about new waysof social production, created new space for people's life, opened new horizonsof state governance and enhanced people's ability to understand and shape the world.Chinais vigorously implementing the national strategies for cyber development, ITapplication and big data and the "Internet Plus" action plan. Itencourages the development of e-commerce, promotes integration of the digitaland real economies and works to optimize the allocation of resources and boosttotal factor productivity, which will drive innovation, transform growth modeland adjust economic structure.
China values fairness, openness andcompetition in the market. While pursuing its own development, China advocatescooperation and shared benefits and commits to promoting investment, trade anda stronger digital economy globally. It supports fair and open internationaltrade, opposes trade barriers and trade protectionism and pursues an open andsecure environment for the digital economy, to ensure the Internet serves theeconomy and innovation. It calls for fair, reasonable and universal access tothe Internet, popularization of Internet technology and diversity of Internetlanguage, and seeks enhanced cooperation and exchange with other countries andregions on cyber security and information technology, for the advancement and innovationof Internet technology, equal sharing of digital dividends and sustainabledevelopment of the cyberspace.
【B卷】
Passage1英译汉
In December 2019, a cluster of pneumoniacases were found. Scientists believe that It was caused by a previously unknownvirus- Now named COVID-19.
Coronaviruses have the appearance of acrown. Crown in Latin is called "corona" and that's how these virusesgot their name. There are different types of coronaviruses that causerespiratory and sometimes gastrointestinal of symptoms.
It's known that coronaviruses circulatein a range of animals. But the animals which transmit COVID-19 are not knownyet. And the exact dynamics of how the virus is transmitted is yet to bedetermined.
From what is known so far, there can bea number of symptoms ranging from mild to severe. There can be fever andrespiratory symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath. In more severecases, there's been pneumonia, kidney failure and death. There is currently nospecific medication for the virus and treatment is supportive care. There iscurrently no vaccine to protect against the virus. Treatment and vaccines arein development.
Nevertheless, we are committed tocombatting the COVID-19 epidemic. It's certainly troubling that so many peopleand countries have been affected, so quickly. Now that the virus has a footholdin so many countries, the threat of a pandemic has become very real. But itwould be the first pandemic in history that could be controlled. The bottomline is: we are not at the mercy of this virus.
The great advantage we have is that thedecisions we all make-as governments, businesses, communities, families andindividuals can influence the trajectory of the epidemic. We need to rememberthat with decisive, early action, we can slow down the virus and preventinfections. Among those who are infected, most will recover.
It's also important to remember thatlooking only at the total number of reported cases and the total number ofcountries doesn't tell the full story. This is an uneven epidemic at the globallevel. Different countries are in different scenarios, requiring a tailoredresponse. It's not about containment or mitigation. It's about both.
All countries must take a comprehensiveblended strategy for controlling their epidemics and pushing this deadly virusback. Countries that continue finding and testing cases and tracing theircontacts not only protect their own people, they can also affect what happensin other countries and globally. The WHO has consolidated its guidance forcountries in four categories: those with no case; those with sporadic cases;those with clusters; and those with community transmission. For all countries,the aim is the same: stop transmission and prevent the spread of the virus.
For the first three categories,countries must focus on finding, testing, treating and isolating individualcases and following their contacts. In areas with community spread, testingevery suspected case and tracing their contacts become more challenging. Actionmust be taken to prevent transmission at the community level to reduce theepidemic to manageable clusters.
【参考答案】
2019年12月，中国出现了多例肺炎病例。调查发现，该肺炎是由一种未知病毒引起的，现命名为2019年新型冠状病毒。
冠状病毒分为多种。病毒内部包含遗传物质，外围有蛋白棘突。这使其外表类似王冠。冠在拉丁语中被称为“corona”，因此，病毒命名为“Coronavirus”。不同类型的冠状病毒都会引起呼吸道症状，有时也会引起胃肠道症状。
我们已知冠状病毒会在动物中传播。2019年新型冠状病毒的动物宿主目前尚不知晓。病毒如何传播的具体细节还有待确定。
就目前来看，症状有轻有重。可能会出现发烧和呼吸系统症状，如咳嗽和气短。严重者会出现肺炎、肾衰竭、甚至死亡。目前还没有针对这种病毒的专门药物，治疗方法只是支持性治疗。而且，目前还没有预防这种病毒的疫苗。治疗措施正在制定，疫苗正在研发。
即便如此，我们依然致力于抗击新冠肺炎疫情。当前全球疫情迅速蔓延，对许多国家和民众产生了危害性影响，状况实在令人担忧。新冠肺炎虽然波及众多国家，情况岌岌可危，但是，新冠肺炎疫情也可能成为有史以来第一个可以人为控制的流行病。我们的底线是，绝不坐以待毙。
作为政府、企业、社会、家庭和个人，我们的选择能够影响疫情的发展轨迹，这是我们的显著优势。我们必须牢记，只要尽早果断采取行动，就能减缓病毒蔓延，防止疫情传播。大部分感染病毒的患者都能恢复健康。
我们还需牢记，仅仅关注感染病例总数和疫情国家数量并不能了解事态全貌。全球各地的疫情并不均衡，各国所处的情况也不尽相同，这就需要我们针对实际情况，采取具体措施。
各国均必须采取多项综合措施，遏制疫情蔓延。持续寻找病例、检测病例，追踪患者接触轨迹，这不但能够保护本国人民，更能对他国乃至全球疫情产生有利影响。世界卫生组织针对四类国家制定了指导方针：没有病例的国家，病例较少的国家，出现集群性病例的国家，出现社区传播的国家。各国的目标都是一致的：杜绝疫情传播，防止病毒蔓延。
前三类国家必须集中精力寻找、检测、治疗、隔离每位感染者，追踪其感染接触轨迹。在出现社区传播的地区，检测所有疑似病例并追踪接触轨迹难度更大。我们必须在社区层面采取措施，防止疫情传播，将疫情遏制在可管控的集群范围内。
Passage2 汉译英
水稻是世界上最主要的粮食作物之一，世界上一半以上人口（包括中国60%以上人口）都以稻米作为主食。中国是世界上最早种植水稻的国家，至今已有7000 年左右的历史，当前水稻产量占全国粮食作物产量近一半。水稻作为主要的粮食，无论对中国还是对世界的重要性都是不言而喻的。中国在超级杂交水稻（superhybrid rice）生产方面成就突出，关键人物便是袁隆平。被誉为“中国杂交水稻之父”。他的名字不仅在中国家喻户晓，在国际上也享有盛誉。袁隆平于上世纪60 年代开始杂交水稻研究。他带领科研团队使中国杂交水稻一直领先于世界水平，不仅不断实现杂交水稻的高产量目标，而且在生产实践中不断推广应用，从实际上解决了中国人吃饭难的问题。袁隆平还多次到美国、印度等国家传授技术，为30 多个国家和地区的政府官员和科研工作者讲学，促进杂交水稻技术造福世界。
1987 年11 月3 日，联合国教科文组织在巴黎总部向袁隆平颁发科学奖，认为他的科研成果是“第二次绿色革命”。2004年，袁隆平获得世界粮食奖（theWorld Food Prize），表彰 他为人类提供营养丰富、数量充足的粮食所做出的突出贡献。
【参考答案】
Rice, one of the most eaten staple foodsin the world, feeds over half of the global inhabitants, including 60 percentof China’s population. As the world’s earliest rice planting country, China haspracticed rice plantation for nearly 7,000 years, and today rice accounts fornearly 50 percent of its total grain crop output.
Yuan Longping, dubbed the “Father ofHybrid Rice in China”, is not only a widely-known name in China, but also aglobally influential figure.
Yuan began hybrid rice research in the1960s. His team led the world in the breeding techniques and developmentstrategy, which not only produced high yields in wide application but alsosucceeded in ensuring China’s population stayed fed.
On November 3, 1987, the UNESCO grantedhim the Science Prize of the year at its headquarters in Paris, citing hisscientific and technological achievements as the “second green revolution”. In2004, Yuan Longping took the World Food Prize for his outstanding contributionto providing nutritious, sufficient food to the mankind.
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发表于 2021-7-18 19:18:37