2018年11月CATTI三级笔译实务真题及参考答案（PDF版）

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2018年11月CATTI英语三级笔译真题及参考答案

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Passage1 英译汉

【试题来源】

英国《卫报》（The Guardian）于2018年1月18日发表的文章Antarctica:plastic contamination reaches Earth's last wilderness（南极洲：塑料污染“到达”地球最后一片荒野）。

Traces of microplastics and hazardous chemicals found inmajority of snow and ice samples taken earlier this year.

Plastic and traces of hazardous chemicals have been found inAntarctica, one of the world’s last great wildernesses, according to a newstudy.

Researchers spent three months taking water and snow samplesfrom remote areas of the continent earlier this year.

These have now been analysed and researchers have confirmed themajority contained “persistent hazardous chemicals” or microplastics.

The findings come amid growing concern about the extent of theplastic pollution crisis which scientists have warned risks “permanentcontamination” of the planet.

Earlier this week, the UN warned it is one of the world’sbiggest environmental threats and said although 60 countries were taking urgentaction more needed to be done.

The new report by researchers at Greenpeace is part of globalcampaign to create the world’s biggest ocean sanctuary in the seas aroundAntarctica to protect the fragile ecosystem from industrial fishing and climatechange.

Frida Bengtsson, of Greenpeace’s Protect the Antarctic campaign,said the findings proved that even the most remote areas of the planet were notimmune from the impact of manmade pollution.

“We need actionat source, to stop these pollutants ending up in the Antarctic in the firstplace, and we need an Antarctic ocean sanctuary to give space for penguins,whales and the entire ecosystem to recover from the pressures they’re facing,”she said.

Seven of the eight sea-surface water samples tested containedmicroplastics such as microfibres. Seven of the nine snow samples testedcontained detectable concentrations of the persistent hazardous chemicals –polyfluorinated alkylated substances, or PFAS.

Researchers said the chemicals are widely used in manyindustrial processes and consumer products and have been linked to reproductiveand developmental issues in wildlife. They said the snow samples gatheredincluded freshly fallen snow, suggesting the hazardous chemicals had come fromcontaminated rain or snowfall.

Prof Alex Rogers, a specialist in sustainable oceans at theOxford Martin school, Oxford University, said the discovery of plastics andchemicals in Antarctica confirmed that manmade pollutants were now affectingecosystems in every corner of the world.

And he warned the consequences of this pervasive contaminationremained largely unknown.

“The bigquestion now is what are the actual consequences of finding this stuff here?Many of these chemicals are pretty nasty and as they move up the food chainthey may be having serious consequences for the health of wildlife, andultimately humans. The effects of microplastics on marine life, likewise, arelargely not understood,” he said.

There is relatively little data on the extent of microplasticsin Antarctic waters, and researchers said they hoped this new study would leadto a greater understanding of the global extent of plastic and chemicalpollutants.

Bengtsson said: “Plastic has now been found in all corners ofour oceans, from the Antarctic to the Arctic and at the deepest point of theocean, the Mariana trench. We need urgent action to reduce the flow of plasticinto our seas and we need large-scale marine reserves – like a huge Antarcticocean sanctuary which over 1.6m people are calling for – to protect marine lifeand our oceans for future generations.”

【参考答案】

在今年早些时候采集的大部分冰雪样本中发现了微量塑料和有害化学物质。

一项新的研究表明，研究人员在南极洲发现了塑料和有害化学物质，这是世界上最后的几片荒野之一。

今年早些时候，研究人员花了三个月的时间从大陆偏远地区采集了水和雪的样本。

目前已经对这些物质进行了分析，研究人员证实，其中大部分都含有“持久性危险化学物质”或微塑料。

这一发现正值人们对塑料污染危机程度日益担忧之际。科学家们警告称，塑料污染危机可能给地球带来“永久性伤害”。

本周早些时候，联合国说，尽管有60个国家正在采取更为迫切的行动，但其警告称，这是世界上最大的环境威胁之一。

绿色和平组织研究人员的最新报告是全球保护行动的一部分，目的是在南极洲周围海域创建世界上最大的海洋保护区，以保护脆弱的生态系统免受捕捞业和气候变化的影响。

绿色和平组织保护南极运动的FridaBengtsson说，这些发现证明即使是地球上最偏远的地区也无法免受人为污染的影响。

她说:“我们需要从源头上采取行动，首先阻止这些污染物进入南极。我们需要一个南极海洋保护区，为企鹅、鲸鱼和整个生态系统提供空间，让它们从海洋污染的压力中恢复过来。”

在测试的8个海水样本中，有7个含有微塑料，如微纤维。在测试的9个雪样中，有7个样品含有可检测到的持久性有害化学物质--聚氟化烷基化物质(PFAS)。

研究人员说，这些化学物质广泛应用于工业过程和消费品中，并与野生动物的生殖和发育问题密切相关。他们说，收集到的雪样本中包括刚刚下的雪，表明危险的化学物质来自受污染的雨或降雪。

牛津大学牛津马丁学院可持续海洋专家亚历克斯•罗杰斯教授表示，南极洲塑料和化学物质的发现证实，人造污染物正在影响世界各地的生态系统。

他警告说，这种无孔不入污染的后果在很大程度上仍不为人知。

“现在的主要问题是，在这里发现这些污染物的实际后果是什么?”这些化学物质中有许多是非常有害的，当它们沿着食物链移动时，它们可能会对野生动物的健康造成严重影响，最终危及人类。同样地，微型塑料对海洋生物的影响在很大程度上是不为人知的。

目前还没有相关数据表明南极水域塑料微粒的范围。研究人员表示，他们希望这项新研究能让人们对遍及全球的塑料和化学污染物有更深入的了解。

本特松说:“从南极到北极，再到海洋最深处的马里亚纳海沟，我们在海洋的各个角落都发现了塑料。我们需要采取紧急行动，减少塑料流入我们的海洋，我们需要大规模的海洋设施--比如超过160万人呼吁建立的巨大南极海洋保护区--目的是为子孙后代保护海洋生物和海洋。

Passage2 汉译英

河南是中华民族和文明的重要发源地。中国四大发明中，指南针，造纸技术和火药都发明于河南。河南拥有厚重的文化历史，大量的历史文物，文物数量居全国首位。河南拥有大量的历史文物和文化遗迹，8处国家级风景名胜、358个国家重点文物保护单位、4个世界级地质公园、11个国家级自然保护区。

河南是中国重要的经济大省，2017国内生产总值稳居中国第5位。2017年河南生产总值44,988亿元，比上年增长7.8%，人均生产总值47130元，增长7.4%。粮食种植面积达10135千公顷，粮食产量5973.4万吨，比上年增加26.8万吨。

全部工业增加值18,807亿元，增长7.4%，社会消费品零售总额19666亿元，增长11.6%。全民居民消费价格比上年上涨1.4%。

河南是“一带一路”的重要中心。河南已经与200多个国家和地区建立贸易联系。河南要以其更有吸引力的政策，更友好的营商环境，广迎四海宾客，实现更高层次的互利共赢。

【参考答案】

Henan Province is an important birthplace of the Chinese nationand civilization. Three of ancient China’s four great inventions - the compass,paper-making and gunpowder - were made in Henan. Boasting a time-honoredhistory and profound culture, Henan is home to a great many of culturalheritage sites, numbering first in China in terms of cultural relics. There are25 World Heritage sites, 358 major historic and cultural sites under stateprotection, 4 global geoparks, 12 national parks of China and 13 nationalnature reserves in the province.

Henan is China’s major provincial economy. Its GDP of 2017,fifth in China, was 4.4988 trillion yuan, up by 7.8% over the previous year. Interms of its GDP per capita, the two figures were 47,130 yuan and 7.4%respectively. The sown area of grain stood at 10.135 million hectares and thetotal output of grain 59.734 million tons, an increase of 268,000 tons comparedwith that in the previous year. The total value added of the industrial sectorwas 1.8807 trillion yuan with a year-on-year increase of 7.4%. The total retailsales of consumer goods reached 1.9666 trillion yuan, a growth of 11.6% overthe previous year. The consumer prices in 2017 went up by 1.4 percent over2016.

In recent years, Henan has become an important pivot of the“Belt and Road”. Henan has established trade connections with over 200countries and regions in the world, and 127 Fortune Global 500 companies havesettled down in this place. With more attractive policies and more friendlybusiness environment, it will open wider to the outside, thus achieving mutualbenefit and win-win results at higher levels.